Tomato Plant Problems

• Blossom end rot of tomatoes; this is when the end of the tomato fruit that is away from the stem turns brown and starts to rot.

This tends to be caused by a lack of calcium in the soil. 

If you're using a lot of compost and have a rich organic soil, the calcium that is in the soil is sometimes tied up by the pH. 

This is easily remedied by the addition of some Dolomite lime, which contains calcium and magnesium. 

The plants can then access the calcium.  The prevention of this is important; you can't cure it once it's happening (except by removing the damaged tomato fruit and hoping there's enough time in the season to replace them).

• Tomato Blight; generally this occurs close to the end of the growing season, when the plants are under a lot of stress to ripen the fruit. 
  

The symptoms are a failure to thrive, and extreme wilting.

The most common cause of the transfer of late blight is rain or even just high humidity.

Keeping the tops of the plants dry can delay the onset, giving the plants a chance to ripen the fruit.

Pull and dispose of the plants immediately, don't compost them or use the same bed for tomatoes next year.  Other Solanum relatives (peppers, potatoes and eggplant) also can have the same problems.

• Tomato plants bloom and set fruit, but then shrivel and die.

Pocket gophers are the most common culprit; their holes are sometimes well hidden, and these pesky critters are renowned for the difficulty in getting rid of them.  A chicken wire bottom on the bed can prevent them from eating the whole plant, or grow the tomatoes in containers or pots.

Other causes can be Vertilicium wilt, or Fusarium wilt or other bacterial or fungal diseases.  There is no cure, but it's crucial to pull and dispose of the plants due to the ease with which this will spread.

• Bronze looking, shiny foliage, curling leaves.

Most of the problems in this category, including cracked fruit, leaf roll and even blossom end rot can be prevented by maintaining moisture levels in the soil.  Use a mulch, and drip irrigation.

• Bronze looking, shiny foliage, curling leaves.

The same symptoms can have other causes too.  I grew tomatoes two years in a row, different seedlings from several sources, same issue. I suspect Aminopyralid herbicide damage. It must have been from the bagged steer manure that I used for those two years crops.

• Pale foliage, with webbing

Spider mites can cause rasped looking leaves as they suck the life out of the plants.  If the leaves have white webbing like tiny spider webs on the underside this is the problem.

Hose off the foliage a few times a day, or set up a fine spray for at least a few minutes.  Spider mites hate high humidity, so if the air is dry, this can really put a damper on their activities.

• Tomato Bugs

Generally, most bugs are not a problem with tomatoes; the most common are things like flea beetles, which cause tiny shot holes in the leaves, the tomato hornworm which is the larvae of a moth.

• Fruit won't set

This can be caused by several things; because tomatoes are insect pollinated, if the weather is too cold or rainy to allow the insects to fly, you will need to pollinate the flowers by hand; pull one of the blooms off, and dab it into all the others.  This will create the right transference of the pollen for the fruit to form.

If the weather is too hot, this can kill off the pollen, in which case there's not a lot you can do.  Shading the plants during extremely hot spells may help.

• Failure to thrive - the plant grows to a certain size, but then vigor fizzles out.

Often, this is caused by lack of nutrition - not necessarily lack of fertilizer, but the pH of the soil might be off a bit.  Usually, it's too acidic, so sprinkle some Dolomite Lime around the base of the plant and water it in well.  This might be all it takes to get things back on track again.